It's not the euro, stupid! (parte II)

Parte I.
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A partir deste "amigo" cheguei a este "amigo" que me levou a este "amigo" (abençoada Internet).
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Em "Trade Induced Technical Change? The Impact of Chinese Imports on Innovation, IT and Productivity" de Nicholas Bloom, Mirko Draca e John Van Reenen, publicado em Janeiro de 2011 descubro uma alma gémea. Já li o corpo do artigo duas vezes e ainda não encontrei nada com o qual não concordasse... tudo o que é apresentado vem suportar as teses que defendo há anos aqui no blogue.
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Convém recuar ao Portugal de 1996... salários baixos, dentro da fortaleza Europa...
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"A vigorous political debate is in progress over the impact of globalization on the economies of the developed world.
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One major benefit of Chinese trade had been lower prices for manufactured goods in the developed world. We argue in this paper that increased Chinese trade has also induced faster technical change from both innovation and the adoption of new technologies, contributing to productivity growth. (Moi ici: O mesmo efeito que a ausência de patentes impõe no mundo da moda) In particular we find that the absolute volume of innovation (not just patents per worker or productivity) increases within the firms and industries more affected by exogenous reductions in barriers to Chinese imports. (Moi ici: Uma outra forma de dizer: subir na escala de valor, fugir do campeonato do preço e entrar no do valor)
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A contribution of our paper is to confirm the importance of low wage country trade for technical change using a large sample of over half a million firms and exploiting China’s entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) to identify the causal effect of trade.
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The rise of China and other emerging economies such as India, Mexico and Brazil has also coincided with an increase in wage inequality and basic trade theory predicts such South-North integration could cause this. ... What may be happening is that trade is stimulating technical progress, which in turn is increasing the demand for skilled labor.
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First, on the intensive margin, Chinese import competition increases innovation, TFP and management quality within surviving firms. Firms facing higher levels of Chinese import competition create more patents, spend more on R&D, raise their IT intensity, adopt more modern management practices, and increase their overall level of TFP. Second, Chinese import competition reduces employment and survival probabilities in low-tech firms - e.g. firms with lower levels of patents or TFP shrink and exit much more rapidly than high-tech firms in response to Chinese competition. Thus, our paper jointly examines the effects of trade on survival/selection and innovation. The combined impact of these within firm and between effects is to cause technological upgrading in those industries most affected by Chinese imports. An additional set of results shows that Chinese imports significantly reduce prices, profitability and the demand for unskilled workers as basic theory would suggest. (Moi ici: Tudo, tudo a suportar o que defendemos neste blogue há anos!!! Baixar salários? Aumentar o tempo de trabalho para fazer face aos chineses? Get a life!!! Quem o defendo só ilustra assim a sua ignorância dos números e não percebe o que se passa/passou)
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Chinese imports reduce the relative profitability of making low-tech products but since firms cannot easily dispose of their “trapped” labor and capital, the shadow cost of innovating has fallen. Hence, by reducing the profitability of current low-tech products and freeing up inputs to innovate, Chinese trade reduces the opportunity cost of innovation. (Moi ici: É o salto para a frente, há empresas que são inovadoras por causa do seu ADN, está-lhes na massa do sangue. Há muitas mais que só inovam quando a necessidade aperta!!!)
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First, import competition from low wage countries like China has a greater effect on innovation than imports from high wage countries. This occurs because Chinese imports have a disproportionate effect on the profitability of low-tech products, providing greater incentives to innovate new goods. Second, firms with more trapped factors (as measured by industry-specific human capital, for example) will respond more strongly to import threats.
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for labour economics we find a role for trade with low wage countries in increasing skill demand (at least since the mid-1990s) through inducing technical change.
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Our paper uses new patenting, IT, R&D, management and productivity data to establish that trade drives out low-tech firms (reallocation) and increases the incentives of incumbents to speed up technical change.
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important role of trade on technical change. In particular, our finding that (i) the positive trade effect is on innovation (rather than just compositional effects on productivity via offshoring or product switching)
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we find that about half of the increase in innovation following the fall in trade barriers against China comes from within firms (they expand the number of patented innovations, spend absolutely more on R&D and modernize their management practices) implies that changing composition is not the whole story.
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size is not an adequate proxy for productivity, finding that small plants actually do relatively better than larger plants following an increase in Chinese import.  (Moi ici: Em toda a linha!!! Até este tópico da dimensão das empresas e a vantagem das PMEs vem suportar as teses deste blogue!!!)
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In their model, small firms survive by operating in product niches rather than the standardized products competing with China.  (Moi ici: Nichos, outro conselho recorrente deste blogue!!!)
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Chinese imports are associated with an increase in the wage-bill share of college educated workers, suggesting Chinese trade raises the demand for skills. ... This is consistent with the model that Chinese trade leads firms to switch from producing older low-tech goods to the design and manufacture of new goods, which is likely to increase the demand for skilled workers.
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in the face of Chinese import competition European firms change their product mix."
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Só gostava de conhecer um estudo com números, com suporte em amostra estatisticamente significativa que comprove que o problema da nossa economia é a falta de competitividade do sector de bens transaccionáveis... ao menos um.